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What Are the Best Medications For Anxiety Disorders? Treatment for anxiety disorders is usually a three-pronged approach: psychotherapy, medication and exercise. Antidepressants are the most popular choice of medication for anxiety. Newer drugs with lower suicide risk and easier adverse effects, such as mirtazapine and nefazodone, are better tolerated than antidepressants that are older, such as tCAs and monoamine oxide inhibitors (MAOIs). Most people can manage their anxiety symptoms by taking medications that reduce the brain's fear signals. This includes SNRIs and SSRIs. Benzodiazepines They work by facilitating the binding of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA at a variety of receptors throughout the central nervous system. They are believed to be safer and less harmful CNS depressant as compared to their predecessors – barbiturates. They are used as anxiolytics (anxiety medication), hypnotics (sleep medicines) and anticonvulsants to treat seizure disorders. They are prescribed in low doses and are less likely than older drugs to cause toxic effects on anticholinergic receptors or delirium. However, there are significant risks and side effects that should be evaluated prior to taking these drugs. For instance, long-term use of benzodiazepines can cause impairment to memory and trigger withdrawal symptoms, particularly if the drug is used with other CNS depressants like alcohol or opioids. Some people may also find that it diminishes the effectiveness of antidepressants. Benzodiazepines should not be used in children or geriatric patients and should be avoided in conjunction with medical comorbidities like depression. They are available in different strengths and formulations, and they have different pharmacological characteristics. They differ in the speed at which they work and last, as well as the length of time they last, and also their side effects. The benzodiazepines that have a longer acting effect, such as chlordiazepoxide, clorazepate, clobazam and diazepam are typically used to treat insomnia, anxiety and seizures. Constipation, fatigue, and blurred vision are some of the most common adverse effects of benzodiazepines. Some people may also feel headaches, nausea and weight loss. These are minor side effects and usually disappear with continued use. Benzodiazepines should be tapered rather than abruptly stopped, as it can cause withdrawal symptoms such as insomnia, irritability and anxiety attacks. Other medications that can treat anxiety disorder s include SSRIs, serotonin norepinephrine Reuptake inhibitors; SNRIs atypical antidepressants such as mirtazapine and beta-blockers. SSRIs, beta-blockers, and SNRIs work by increasing levels of serotonin and norepinephrine in your brain. This helps reduce anxiety. Atypical antidepressants utilize various pathways to increase the levels of these chemicals. They can also treat other mental health issues like depression. Beta-blockers are also traditionally heart-related medications, but they can also be used at lower doses to treat anxiety, such as stage fright, by reducing the adrenaline rush which causes shaking and a rapid heart rate. SSRIs The most commonly prescribed drugs for anxiety disorders are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). These drugs boost the levels of serotonin, a neurotransmitter which affects mood. They also boost the levels of norepinephrine – another neurotransmitter that influences mood. The most popular SSRIs for anxiety are paroxetine (Paxil) and fluoxetine (Prozac). SNRIs are citalopram, sertraline and nefazodone. Other medications can help with anxiety symptoms. They include antihistamines (e.g., hydroxyzine) alpha and beta blockers (e.g., propranolol and clonidine), and benzodiazepines. Antihistamines are particularly helpful when you are experiencing anxiety attacks. They can cause sleepiness that can help reduce anxiety. They can trigger side effects such as constipation, dry mouth, and the feeling of sedation. You could also be at risk if take these drugs while driving. Benzodiazepines are sedatives that work by increasing the activity certain neurotransmitters which send signals between brain cells. These drugs are prescribed to help you relax and fall asleep. They are intended for short-term use. These medications can become addictive, so it is recommended to only use them under the supervision of a medical professional. Tricyclic antidepressants, which are older medications, can also be effective in treating anxiety. These medicines act similar to SSRIs and boost the levels of serotonin and norepinephrine and other chemicals within your body that affect mood. These medications are typically taken in small doses and gradually increased. Some of these medicines can cause weight gain and sedation, dry mouth and urinary tract problems, and arrhythmias. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors are the oldest antidepressants that have proven to be effective at treating anxiety. However they are not as popular due to their adverse negative effects, like weight gain and dry mouth. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors can be negatively interacting with certain foods and medications. These include SSRIs and certain birth control pills. They can also be affected by allergy and cold medications, acetaminophen, as well as Ibuprofen. The right medication for anxiety can make you feel more calm and in control of your life. It is also crucial to master techniques for managing stress. Important steps include abstaining from unhealthy food and exercise, avoiding tobacco and alcohol, and removing news stories or readings that may cause anxiety. Joining an anxiety support group will allow you to meet other people who have similar issues and teach you coping techniques. Tricyclic antidepressants A variety of drugs are able to treat anxiety disorders, including benzodiazepines, SSRIs, and tricyclic antidepressants. Some of these medications increase the amount of certain brain chemicals, like serotonin and norepinephrine. These medications can be taken on a regular basis or as needed. Some take some time to begin working, but they can get rid of anxiety or make it more manageable. They will not work in the event that you stop taking the medication. SSRIs are a well-known option for treating anxiety and they can also assist in preventing symptoms from returning. These include citalopram, fluvoxamine, escitalopram, and sertraline. SSRIs are generally safe and do not have any negative effects. SSRIs are often used in conjunction with other treatments for anxiety like exercise or psychotherapy. Another type of medication that could be used to combat anxiety is a beta blocker. These drugs are prescribed primarily for heart problems, but they can also be beneficial for anxiety and anxiety-related fears. They help reduce the symptoms of anxiety by reducing the heart rate and reducing blood pressure. The most commonly used beta blockers are propranolol as well as atenolol. People with a phobia or a panic disorder can sometimes benefit from sedatives like lorazepam or alprazolam. These medications can be taken prior to a stressful event, and they work quickly to calm anxiety symptoms. They can also be habit-forming so it is important to only take them when needed. In general, SSRIs and SNRIs are often used as first-line medication to treat anxiety. They are well tolerated and safe in controlled studies that are randomized. However, the unique drug characteristics and comorbid conditions of patients should be taken into consideration. For example, a patient who has an underlying depression history may require more medication than someone who does not have. The most effective treatment for performance anxiety or social phobia is a monoamine oxidase inhibiter (MAOI). These drugs increase the number of neurotransmitters that regulate mood, and are often first administered at low doses and then gradually increased. They can be taken alone or in combination with benzodiazepine. MAOIs can interact with a variety of medications, including SSRIs as well as some birth control pills. They can also interact with acetaminophen Ibuprofen, and cold and allergy medicine. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors There are many medications that treat anxiety disorders. Many work well for most people. These include benzodiazepines, anticonvulsants, and antidepressants. Benzodiazepines are GABA-A receptor agonists that are employed to alleviate anxiety symptoms in the short-term. They are also used to treat muscle spasms, seizures and hypnotic conditions. However, benzodiazepines aren't suitable for long-term use and may cause dependence. Antidepressants can help reduce depression and anxiety. These medications can take anywhere from four to six weeks to begin working however they are extremely efficient for the majority of people. These drugs can cause sexual side effects in a few individuals, but they are usually manageable. SSRIs along with SNRIs, raise levels of norepinephrine and serotonin two essential hormones and neurotransmitters that influence mood. They are typically the first line treatment for the majority of anxiety disorder s. They can be used on a daily basis to reduce symptoms, or they can be taken as needed. Antidepressants can cause a variety of side effects, including dry mouth, nausea and weight increase. They also increase your likelihood of having suicidal thoughts therefore, they should only be used for as long as necessary. Beta-blockers are also a possibility because they are typically employed to treat heart ailments. Propranolol, or Inderal is usually prescribed for the treatment of social anxiety disorder off-label. This medication is an excellent option to alleviate physical symptoms of anxiety, like shaking and high blood pressure. It also helps to lower stress hormones, such as norepinephrine and adrenaline, which are present during a heightened anxiety state. Anticonvulsants, such as gabapentin pregabalin and tiagabine possess GABAergic effects. These drugs are FDA approved for treating neuropathic pain and can be effective as an antidepressant for certain people. TCAs are also tricyclic antidepressants which boost the levels of serotonin within the brain. They also inhibit the activity of monoamine oxide which is responsible for breaking down these chemicals. They can be used to treat symptoms of bipolar disorder and mania. These drugs can cause a variety of side effects, such as weight gain, dry mouth and sedation. These drugs can also increase the risk of hypotension and arrhythmias.